Dry mouth, also known as xerostomia, is a common condition characterized by a lack of saliva production or a feeling of dryness in the mouth. Saliva plays a crucial role in maintaining oral health, and a decrease in its production can lead to various issues. Dry mouth may manifest itself in several ways accompanied by a series of symptoms that require prompt response. 

Fortunately, the dentist in Wylie and their expert team offer a comprehensive approach to dry mouth to treat the condition and improve your quality of oral health and overall wellness. 

What is dry mouth?

Dry mouth, also known as xerostomia, is a prevalent and often debilitating condition characterized by a lack of saliva production or a persistent feeling of dryness in the mouth. Saliva plays a vital role in maintaining oral health, facilitating digestion, and enabling us to speak and swallow with ease. When saliva production is compromised, it can lead to a range of uncomfortable symptoms, from sticky or dry sensations in the mouth to difficulties with eating, speaking, and even breathing. 

What causes dry mouth?

Causes of dry mouth may include the following:

• Certain medications: Many prescription and over-the-counter drugs can cause dry mouth as a side effect.
• Aging: Saliva production naturally decreases with age.
• Certain medical conditions: Certain conditions, such as diabetes, Sjögren’s syndrome, and Parkinson’s disease, can cause dry mouth.
• Radiation therapy: Radiation exposure can damage salivary glands.
• Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations during menopause or pregnancy can lead to dry mouth.
• Breathing through the mouth: Instead of the nose, it can dry out the mouth.
• Dehydration: Not drinking enough water can cause dry mouth.

What are the symptoms associated with dry mouth?

Here is a comprehensive list of dry mouth symptoms:

• Dryness or stickiness in the mouth
• Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
• Difficulty speaking (dysarthria)
• Cracked lips (cheilitis)
• Tongue irritation or inflammation (glossitis)
• Increased thirst
• Bad breath (halitosis)
• Difficulty tasting food (hypogeusia)
• Burning sensation in the mouth
• Rough or sandpapery tongue
• Red or inflamed tongue
• Cracking or fissuring of the tongue
• Dry or sore throat
• Hoarseness
• Difficulty wearing dentures or oral appliances
• Increased risk of tooth decay and gum disease
• Mouth sores or ulcers
• Difficulty with chewing and swallowing
• The feeling of dryness or grittiness in the eyes
• Fatigue or exhaustion

How is dry mouth treated?

Treatment of dry mouth (xerostomia) depends on the underlying cause, severity, and symptoms. Here are some common treatment options:

Saliva substitutes:

    – Mouthwashes

    – Sprays

    – Gels

    – Lozenges

Medications:

    – Salivary stimulants (e.g., pilocarpine)

    – Saliva enhancers (e.g., cevimeline)

Oral hygiene:

    – Regular brushing and flossing

    – Fluoride toothpaste and mouthwash

Humidifiers:

    – Add moisture to the air

Sipping water:

    – Frequent sipping to keep the mouth moist

Avoid irritants:

    – Caffeine

    – Alcohol

    – Spicy or acidic foods

Chewing sugar-free gum:

    – Stimulates saliva production

Saliva-boosting foods:

    – Citrus fruits

    – Celery

    – Carrots

Oral appliances:

    – Dentures or oral devices to manage dry mouth

Alternative therapies:

    – Acupuncture

    – Herbal supplements (e.g., sage, chamomile)

In addition to these treatments, your healthcare provider may recommend:

• Regular dental check-ups
• Monitoring for oral infections
• Adjusting medications that contribute to dry mouth
• Treating underlying medical conditions

How can dry mouth be prevented?

Here are some preventive tips for dry mouth:

• Drink plenty of water throughout the day.
• Avoid sugary and acidic foods/drinks.
• Chew sugar-free gum to stimulate saliva production.
• Avoid caffeine and alcohol
• Use a humidifier to add moisture to the air.
• Avoid breathing through the mouth
• Use a saliva-enhancing mouthwash.
• Avoid spicy or salty foods.
• Eat saliva-boosting foods like citrus fruits, celery, and carrots.
• Practice good oral hygiene like brushing, flossing, and visiting your dentist regularly.
• Avoid tobacco products.
• Limit certain medications that cause dry mouth.
• Monitor your health for certain conditions, like diabetes, which can cause dry mouth.
• Use a fluoride toothpaste and mouthwash.
• Avoid spicy or acidic mouthwashes.
• Avoid stress
• Get enough sleep

If you experience persistent dry mouth, consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance.